{"id":5685,"date":"2024-12-06T21:02:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-06T19:02:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.e-gems.cz\/?post_type=kamen&#038;p=5685"},"modified":"2025-03-23T00:58:56","modified_gmt":"2025-03-22T22:58:56","slug":"ruzenin","status":"publish","type":"kamen","link":"https:\/\/www.e-gems.cz\/en\/kamen\/ruzenin\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u016f\u017een\u00edn"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u016f\u017een\u00edn je jednou z nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch odr\u016fd k\u0159emene, zn\u00e1mou pro svou n\u011b\u017enou r\u016f\u017eovou a\u017e r\u016f\u017eovofialovou barvu. Pat\u0159\u00ed do rodiny oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje i dal\u0161\u00ed drah\u00e9 kameny, jako jsou ametysty, citr\u00edny, k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1ly a dal\u0161\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Historick\u00e9 doklady o pou\u017eit\u00ed r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do doby p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 7 000 lety. Starov\u011bk\u00e9 civilizace jako Mezopot\u00e1mie, starov\u011bk\u00e9 \u0158ecko a \u0158\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edvaly r\u016f\u017een\u00edn nejen pro v\u00fdrobu \u0161perk\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 pro jeho \u00fadajn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. P\u0159esn\u00e9 datum jeho objevu v mineralogick\u00e9m smyslu nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, proto\u017ee r\u016f\u017een\u00edn byl pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n ji\u017e ve starov\u011bku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vlastnosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu, tak jako i ostatn\u00edch odr\u016fd k\u0159emene, je SiO\u2082. Jeho r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1 barva je zp\u016fsobena p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed stopov\u00fdch prvk\u016f, zejm\u00e9na titanu, \u017eeleza nebo manganu, a n\u011bkter\u00e9 exempl\u00e1\u0159e obsahuj\u00ed mikroskopick\u00e9 inkluze r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9ho dumortieritu, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k jeho zakalen\u00e9mu vzhledu. R\u016f\u017een\u00edn je charakteristick\u00fd svou jemnou r\u016f\u017eovou a\u017e r\u016f\u017eovofialovou barvou, kter\u00e1 se m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it intenzitou v z\u00e1vislosti na velikosti a slo\u017een\u00ed krystalu. Barva r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu m\u016f\u017ee \u010dasem sl\u00e1bnout, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud je vystaven p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu slune\u010dn\u00edmu sv\u011btlu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u016f\u017een\u00edn krystalizuje v trigon\u00e1ln\u00ed soustav\u011b (typick\u00e1 krystalov\u00e1 struktura k\u0159emene) a na Mohsov\u011b stupnici tvrdosti dosahuje r\u016f\u017een\u00edn hodnoty 7. Index lomu sv\u011btla u r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu se pohybuje v rozmez\u00ed 1,544\u20131,553, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 ostatn\u00edm form\u00e1m k\u0159emene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u011bt\u0161ina r\u016f\u017een\u00edn\u016f je pr\u016fsvitn\u00e1 a\u017e nepr\u016fhledn\u00e1. Pr\u016fhledn\u00fd r\u016f\u017een\u00edn, kter\u00fd je velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fd, se pova\u017euje za klenotnickou kvalitu. N\u011bkdy se lze setkat i s&nbsp;r\u016f\u017een\u00ednem vykazuj\u00edc\u00edm jev siln\u00e9ho asterismu (\u0161estic\u00edpou hv\u011bzdu), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e tyto kameny mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vybrou\u0161eny do formy kabo\u0161onu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Geneze<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u016f\u017een\u00edn vznik\u00e1 hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00edmi procesy, tvo\u0159\u00ed se tedy p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch a tlac\u00edch v&nbsp;hrubozrnn\u00fdch pegmatitov\u00fdch \u017eil\u00e1ch. Tyto \u017e\u00edly jsou bohat\u00e9 na oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd a dal\u0161\u00ed miner\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b s r\u016f\u017een\u00ednem krystalizuj\u00ed v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch s vysok\u00fdm obsahem vody a n\u00edzk\u00fdmi teplotami. Tento pomal\u00fd proces tvorby d\u00e1v\u00e1 vzniknout r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu ve form\u011b masivn\u00edch blok\u016f. Na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch drah\u00fdch kamen\u016f se r\u016f\u017een\u00edn v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vyskytuje sp\u00ed\u0161e ve velk\u00fdch kusech ne\u017e v jednotliv\u00fdch dob\u0159e definovan\u00fdch krystalech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdskyt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u016f\u017een\u00edn drahokamov\u00e9 kvality se vyskytuje v n\u011bkolika lokalit\u00e1ch na sv\u011bt\u011b. Mezi hlavn\u00ed zdroje pat\u0159\u00ed brazilsk\u00e9 nalezi\u0161t\u011b ve st\u00e1t\u011b Minas Gerais. Zde jsou jedny z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu na sv\u011bt\u011b. Braz\u00edlie produkuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu, kter\u00fd je cen\u011bn pro svou kr\u00e1snou r\u016f\u017eovou barvu a relativn\u011b velkou pr\u016fhlednost. Dal\u0161\u00edm jeho nalezi\u0161t\u011bm je Madagaskar. Zdej\u0161\u00ed r\u016f\u017een\u00edn je \u010dasto vysoce kvalitn\u00ed a cen\u011bn pro svou intenzivn\u00ed barvu. Madagaskar je t\u00e9\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00fd pro vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 exempl\u00e1\u0159e pr\u016fhledn\u00e9ho r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 r\u016f\u017een\u00edny poskytuje rovn\u011b\u017e Nam\u00edbie a oblast Alto Ligonha v&nbsp;Mosambiku. V&nbsp;USA se vyskytuje sv\u011btle r\u016f\u017eov\u00fd r\u016f\u017een\u00edn v&nbsp;Ji\u017en\u00ed Dakot\u011b a v Indii se t\u011b\u017e\u00ed r\u016f\u017een\u00edn p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve st\u00e1tech Karnataka a Tamil Nadu. Tento r\u016f\u017een\u00edn se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b pro \u0161perky indick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Imitace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u016f\u017een\u00edn se jin\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi materi\u00e1ly pro svou n\u00edzkou cenu neimituje, naopak se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k&nbsp;imitov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9ho kunzitu, morganitu, turmal\u00ednu a jin\u00fdch kamen\u016f. N\u011bkdy v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt r\u016f\u017een\u00edn imitov\u00e1n sklem nebo plastem.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Syntetick\u00e1 v\u00fdroba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Syntetick\u00e1 v\u00fdroba r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1ma a ob\u010das se lze se syntetick\u00fdm r\u016f\u017een\u00ednem vyroben\u00fdm hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed metodou setkat i ve \u0161perc\u00edch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historie R\u016f\u017een\u00edn je jednou z nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch odr\u016fd k\u0159emene, zn\u00e1mou pro svou n\u011b\u017enou r\u016f\u017eovou a\u017e r\u016f\u017eovofialovou barvu. Pat\u0159\u00ed do rodiny oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje i dal\u0161\u00ed drah\u00e9 kameny, jako jsou ametysty, citr\u00edny, k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1ly a dal\u0161\u00ed.&nbsp; Historick\u00e9 doklady o pou\u017eit\u00ed r\u016f\u017een\u00ednu sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do doby p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 7 000 lety. Starov\u011bk\u00e9 civilizace jako Mezopot\u00e1mie, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":7702,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false},"class_list":["post-5685","kamen","type-kamen","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-gems.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kamen\/5685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-gems.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kamen"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-gems.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/kamen"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.e-gems.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.e-gems.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}